Strong Injection Locking in Low-Q LC Oscillators: Modeling and Application in a Forwarded-Clock I/O Receiver
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A general model for injection-locked LC oscillators (LC-ILOs) is presented that is valid for any tank quality factor and injection strength. Important properties of an ILO such as lock-range, phase shift, bandwidth and response to input jitter are described. An LC-ILO together with a half-rate data sampler is implemented as a forwarded-clock I/O receiver in 45-nm CMOS. A strongly-injected low- Q LC oscillator enables clock deskew across 1UI and rejects high-frequency clock jitter. The complete 27 Gb/s ILO-based data receiver has an overall power efficiency of 1.6 mW/Gb/s.
S. Shekhar et al., "Strong Injection Locking in Low- $Q$ LC Oscillators: Modeling and Application in a Forwarded-Clock I/O Receiver," in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 1818-1829, Aug. 2009, doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2009.2027509.